C#实现按键精灵的'找图' '找色' '找字'的功能-白红宇

C#实现按键精灵的'找图' '找色' '找字'的功能

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发布时间：2019-06-18

本文共 21502 字，大约阅读时间需要 71 分钟。

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　　找色：

1         ///  2         /// 找颜色 3         /// 
 4         /// 查找的图片的绝对路径 5         /// 查找的16进制颜色值，如#0C5FAB 6         /// 查找的矩形区域范围内 7         /// 容错 8         /// 
      9         System.Drawing.Point FindColor(string parPic, string searchColor, System.Drawing.Rectangle searchRect, byte errorRange = 10)10         {11             var colorX = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.FromHtml(searchColor);12             var parBitmap = new Bitmap(parPic);13             var parData = parBitmap.LockBits(new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, parBitmap.Width, parBitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);14             var byteArraryPar = new byte[parData.Stride * parData.Height];15             Marshal.Copy(parData.Scan0, byteArraryPar, 0, parData.Stride * parData.Height);16             if (searchRect.IsEmpty)17             {18                 searchRect = new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, parBitmap.Width, parBitmap.Height);19             }20             var searchLeftTop = searchRect.Location;21             var searchSize = searchRect.Size;22             var iMax = searchLeftTop.Y + searchSize.Height;//行23             var jMax = searchLeftTop.X + searchSize.Width;//列24             int pointX = -1; int pointY = -1;25             for (int m = searchRect.Y; m < iMax; m++)26             {27                 for (int n = searchRect.X; n < jMax; n++)28                 {29                     int index = m * parBitmap.Width * 4 + n * 4;30                     var color = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArraryPar[index + 3], byteArraryPar[index + 2], byteArraryPar[index + 1], byteArraryPar[index]);31                     if (ColorAEqualColorB(color, colorX, errorRange))32                     {33                         pointX = n;34                         pointY = m;35                         goto END;36                     }37                 }38             }39         END:40             parBitmap.UnlockBits(parData);41             return new System.Drawing.Point(pointX, pointY);42         }43         #endregion

方法中的容错范围，默认设置为10。R、G、B三者的范围都是0~255，容错为10，就表示每个范围都可以在10上下波动，下面还会有容错的概念

　　找图：

在一张大图中截取一个矩形小图，然后在任意包含该小图的图片中找到该小图的坐标位置

1      #region 找图  2   3         ///   4         /// 查找图片，不能镂空  5         /// 
  6         ///   7         ///   8         /// 如果为empty，则默认查找整个图像  9         /// 容错，单个色值范围内视为正确0~255 10         /// 图片匹配度，默认90% 11         /// 是否查找所有相似的图片 12         /// 
     
      返回查找到的图片的中心点坐标
      13         List
     
       FindPicture(string subPic, string parPic, System.Drawing.Rectangle searchRect, byte errorRange, double matchRate = 0.9, bool isFindAll = false) 14         { 15             List
      
        ListPoint = new List
       
        (); 16             var subBitmap = new Bitmap(subPic); 17             var parBitmap = new Bitmap(parPic); 18             int subWidth = subBitmap.Width; 19             int subHeight = subBitmap.Height; 20             int parWidth = parBitmap.Width; 21             int parHeight = parBitmap.Height; 22             if (searchRect.IsEmpty) 23             { 24                 searchRect = new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, parBitmap.Width, parBitmap.Height); 25             } 26  27             var searchLeftTop = searchRect.Location; 28             var searchSize = searchRect.Size; 29             System.Drawing.Color startPixelColor = subBitmap.GetPixel(0, 0); 30             var subData = subBitmap.LockBits(new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, subBitmap.Width, subBitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb); 31             var parData = parBitmap.LockBits(new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, parBitmap.Width, parBitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb); 32             var byteArrarySub = new byte[subData.Stride * subData.Height]; 33             var byteArraryPar = new byte[parData.Stride * parData.Height]; 34             Marshal.Copy(subData.Scan0, byteArrarySub, 0, subData.Stride * subData.Height); 35             Marshal.Copy(parData.Scan0, byteArraryPar, 0, parData.Stride * parData.Height); 36  37             var iMax = searchLeftTop.Y + searchSize.Height - subData.Height;//行 38             var jMax = searchLeftTop.X + searchSize.Width - subData.Width;//列 39  40             int smallOffsetX = 0, smallOffsetY = 0; 41             int smallStartX = 0, smallStartY = 0; 42             int pointX = -1; int pointY = -1; 43             for (int i = searchLeftTop.Y; i < iMax; i++) 44             { 45                 for (int j = searchLeftTop.X; j < jMax; j++) 46                 { 47                     //大图x，y坐标处的颜色值 48                     int x = j, y = i; 49                     int parIndex = i * parWidth * 4 + j * 4; 50                     var colorBig = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArraryPar[parIndex + 3], byteArraryPar[parIndex + 2], byteArraryPar[parIndex + 1], byteArraryPar[parIndex]); 51                     ; 52                     if (ColorAEqualColorB(colorBig, startPixelColor, errorRange)) 53                     { 54                         smallStartX = x - smallOffsetX;//待找的图X坐标 55                         smallStartY = y - smallOffsetY;//待找的图Y坐标 56                         int sum = 0;//所有需要比对的有效点 57                         int matchNum = 0;//成功匹配的点 58                         for (int m = 0; m < subHeight; m++) 59                         { 60                             for (int n = 0; n < subWidth; n++) 61                             { 62                                 int x1 = n, y1 = m; 63                                 int subIndex = m * subWidth * 4 + n * 4; 64                                 var color = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArrarySub[subIndex + 3], byteArrarySub[subIndex + 2], byteArrarySub[subIndex + 1], byteArrarySub[subIndex]); 65  66                                 sum++; 67                                 int x2 = smallStartX + x1, y2 = smallStartY + y1; 68                                 int parReleativeIndex = y2 * parWidth * 4 + x2 * 4;//比对大图对应的像素点的颜色 69                                 var colorPixel = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex + 3], byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex + 2], byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex + 1], byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex]); 70                                 if (ColorAEqualColorB(colorPixel, color, errorRange)) 71                                 { 72                                     matchNum++; 73                                 } 74                             } 75                         } 76                         if ((double)matchNum / sum >= matchRate) 77                         { 78                             Console.WriteLine((double)matchNum / sum); 79                             pointX = smallStartX + (int)(subWidth / 2.0); 80                             pointY = smallStartY + (int)(subHeight / 2.0); 81                             var point = new System.Drawing.Point(pointX, pointY); 82                             if (!ListContainsPoint(ListPoint, point, 10)) 83                             { 84                                 ListPoint.Add(point); 85                             } 86                             if (!isFindAll) 87                             { 88                                 goto FIND_END; 89                             } 90                         } 91                     } 92                     //小图x1,y1坐标处的颜色值 93                 } 94             } 95         FIND_END: 96             subBitmap.UnlockBits(subData); 97             parBitmap.UnlockBits(parData); 98             subBitmap.Dispose(); 99             parBitmap.Dispose();100             GC.Collect();101             return ListPoint;102         }103         #endregion

　　找字：

找字比较困难了呢，因为文字是一种镂空的图像，不像上述找的是非镂空图像，代码：

定义结构体：

1         struct NumBody2         {3             public int num;//数字4             public int matchNum;//匹配的个数5             public int matchSum;6             public double matchRate;//匹配度7             public System.Drawing.Point point;8             public List
     
       bodyCollectionPoint;//该数字所有像素在大图中的坐标9         }

1    #region 找字  2   3         ///   4         /// 找文字，镂空的图片文字  5         /// 
  6         ///   7         ///   8         ///   9         ///  10         ///  11         ///  12         /// 
      13         List
     
       FindText(string subPic, string parPic, System.Drawing.Rectangle searchRect, byte errorRange, double matchRate = 0.9, bool isFindAll = false) 14         { 15  16             List
      
        ListPoint = new List
       
        (); 17             var subBitmap = new Bitmap(subPic); 18             var parBitmap = new Bitmap(parPic); 19             int subWidth = subBitmap.Width; 20             int subHeight = subBitmap.Height; 21             int parWidth = parBitmap.Width; 22             int parHeight = parBitmap.Height; 23             var bgColor = subBitmap.GetPixel(0, 0);//背景红色 24             if (searchRect.IsEmpty) 25             { 26                 searchRect = new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, parBitmap.Width, parBitmap.Height); 27             } 28             var searchLeftTop = searchRect.Location; 29             var searchSize = searchRect.Size; 30             var subData = subBitmap.LockBits(new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, subBitmap.Width, subBitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb); 31             var parData = parBitmap.LockBits(new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, parBitmap.Width, parBitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb); 32             var byteArrarySub = new byte[subData.Stride * subData.Height]; 33             var byteArraryPar = new byte[parData.Stride * parData.Height]; 34             Marshal.Copy(subData.Scan0, byteArrarySub, 0, subData.Stride * subData.Height); 35             Marshal.Copy(parData.Scan0, byteArraryPar, 0, parData.Stride * parData.Height); 36             var iMax = searchLeftTop.Y + searchSize.Height - subData.Height;//行 37             var jMax = searchLeftTop.X + searchSize.Width - subData.Width;//列 38             System.Drawing.Color startPixelColor = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(0, 0, 0); 39             int smallOffsetX = 0, smallOffsetY = 0; 40             int smallStartX = 0, smallStartY = 0; 41             int pointX = -1; int pointY = -1; 42  43  44             for (int m = 0; m < subHeight; m++) 45             { 46                 for (int n = 0; n < subWidth; n++) 47                 { 48                     smallOffsetX = n; 49                     smallOffsetY = m; 50                     int subIndex = m * subWidth * 4 + n * 4; 51                     var color = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArrarySub[subIndex + 3], byteArrarySub[subIndex + 2], byteArrarySub[subIndex + 1], byteArrarySub[subIndex]); 52                     if (!ColorAEqualColorB(color, bgColor, errorRange)) 53                     { 54                         startPixelColor = color; 55                         goto END; 56                     } 57                 } 58             } 59  60         END: 61             for (int i = searchLeftTop.Y; i < iMax; i++) 62             { 63                 for (int j = searchLeftTop.X; j < jMax; j++) 64                 { 65                     //大图x，y坐标处的颜色值 66                     int x = j, y = i; 67                     int parIndex = i * parWidth * 4 + j * 4; 68                     var colorBig = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArraryPar[parIndex + 3], byteArraryPar[parIndex + 2], byteArraryPar[parIndex + 1], byteArraryPar[parIndex]); 69                     ; 70  71                     List
        
          myListPoint = new List
         
          (); 72                     if (ColorAEqualColorB(colorBig, startPixelColor, errorRange)) 73                     { 74                         smallStartX = x - smallOffsetX;//待找的图X坐标 75                         smallStartY = y - smallOffsetY;//待找的图Y坐标 76                         int sum = 0;//所有需要比对的有效点 77                         int matchNum = 0;//成功匹配的点 78                         for (int m = 0; m < subHeight; m++) 79                         { 80                             for (int n = 0; n < subWidth; n++) 81                             { 82                                 int x1 = n, y1 = m; 83                                 int subIndex = m * subWidth * 4 + n * 4; 84                                 var color = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArrarySub[subIndex + 3], byteArrarySub[subIndex + 2], byteArrarySub[subIndex + 1], byteArrarySub[subIndex]); 85                                 if (color != bgColor) 86                                 { 87                                     sum++; 88                                     int x2 = smallStartX + x1, y2 = smallStartY + y1; 89                                     int parReleativeIndex = y2 * parWidth * 4 + x2 * 4;//比对大图对应的像素点的颜色 90                                     var colorPixel = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex + 3], byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex + 2], byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex + 1], byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex]); 91                                     if (ColorAEqualColorB(colorPixel, color, errorRange)) 92                                     { 93                                         matchNum++; 94                                     } 95                                     myListPoint.Add(new System.Drawing.Point(x2, y2)); 96                                 } 97                             } 98                         } 99 100                         double rate = (double)matchNum / sum;101                         if (rate>= matchRate)102                         {103                             Console.WriteLine((double)matchNum / sum);104                             pointX = smallStartX + (int)(subWidth / 2.0);105                             pointY = smallStartY + (int)(subHeight / 2.0);106                             var point = new System.Drawing.Point(pointX, pointY);107                             if (!ListTextBodyContainsPoint(ListPoint, point, 1))108                             {109                                 ListPoint.Add(new NumBody() { point = point, matchNum = matchNum,matchSum=sum, matchRate = rate, bodyCollectionPoint = myListPoint });110                             }111                             SearchNumbersByMatchNum(ref ListPoint);112                             if (!isFindAll)113                             {114                                 goto FIND_END;115                             }116                         }117                     }118                     //小图x1,y1坐标处的颜色值119                 }120             }121         FIND_END:122             subBitmap.UnlockBits(subData);123             parBitmap.UnlockBits(parData);124             subBitmap.Dispose();125             parBitmap.Dispose();126             GC.Collect();127             return ListPoint;128         }

特别注意：有了这个方法还是不能找到你要的文字的。要先处理文字，下面举例：

例如在这张图片上找到朋友的朋字的坐标位置：

1：打开你的PS，先将图片放大，看到像素方块为止，然后将朋字的范围圈选住，注意稍微比字圈选的大一点，像这样：

2：按住CTRL+C，然后CTRL+N，出现对话框：(教教大家使用PS^_^)

3：将背景内容选择透明，按确定，再按CTRL+V复制图像

4:将这个图片放大到看到像素为止，将所有非字体的位置全部用铅笔工具涂上同一种颜色，

5:涂完了之后将这张图片保存下来，这张图片就是我们要查找的“朋”字，图片是这样的

6：我们需要的就是第五步的图片和第一张底图，下面见证奇迹的时刻到了。

1          string str1 = @"C:\Users\JimmyBright\Desktop\1.png";2             string str2 = @"C:\Users\JimmyBright\Desktop\2.png";3             var xx = FindText(str2,str1,new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, 400, 600),10);

str1是我们的底图，str2是第五步的那张处理后的文字图片，xx就是我们最后需要的文字的位置坐标，我们运行看看。下面截图运行结果：

显然最后我们查找的文字在图片中的坐标为(224,286)，大家可以下载那张图片验证

找数：

　　你以为找到文字就算完了吗？No，找数字才是最困难的，为什么呢？有人会问，数字难道不也是文字吗，不也可以通过PS处理数字达到查找其位置的目的吗？对的，数字也是文字，我们将需要查找的数字0~9全部PS处理，就能查到它们的位置了。但是有一个问题啊，游戏中用数字表示的地方通常是一连串的数字，这些数字里面包含0~9的任意组合。所以我们需要这样处理：

　　我们从0~9依次查找指定区域，记录每次查找的结果，没查到的数字不必记录，对查到结果的数字再按照X坐标排序，因为在X坐标越小，数字越靠左边。

还有一个严重的问题，例如38,14，这样的数字会很讨厌，为什么呢，我们会再8当中查找3，在4当中查找到1，这会对我们的数字识别产生重大误差，所以下面我也写了一个方法对这个问题做了处理，代码：

1     #region 查找数字 2          3         ///  4         /// 在指定区域里面查找数字 5         /// 
 6         ///  7         ///  8         ///  9         /// 10         /// 
     11         int FindNumbers(Dictionary
     
       numDic, string parPic, System.Drawing.Rectangle searchRect, byte errorRange=8, double matchRate = 0.9)12         {13             //同一个区域找到多个相同的图片14             List
      
        ListBody = new List
       
        ();15             foreach (var item in numDic)16             {17                 var listPoint = FindText(item.Value, parPic, searchRect, errorRange, matchRate, true);18                 foreach (var point in listPoint)19                 {20                     ListBody.Add(new NumBody() { num = item.Key,matchNum=point.matchNum,matchSum=point.matchSum, matchRate=point.matchRate, point = point.point, bodyCollectionPoint = point.bodyCollectionPoint });21                 }22             }23 24             SearchNumbersByMatchNum(ref ListBody);25             var myList = from body in ListBody orderby body.point.X ascending select body;26             string number = "0";27             foreach (var item in myList)28             {29                 number += item.num;30             }31             int num = Int32.Parse(number);32             return num;33         }34        /// 
        35        /// 搜索同一个数字的时候，出现重叠的地方，用匹配度去过滤掉匹配度低的36        /// 比如同样是1，在控制匹配度允许下，一个（83,95）和（84,95）这两个点明显是同一个数字37        /// 此时谁的匹配度低过滤掉谁38        /// 
39        /// 
        40         void SearchNumbersByMatchNum(ref List
        
          ListBody)41         {42             bool isValid = true;43             for (int i = 0; i < ListBody.Count; i++)44             {45                 var body = ListBody[i];46                 47                 for (int j = i; j < ListBody.Count; j++)48                 {49 50                     var bodyX = ListBody[j];51                     if (!bodyX.Equals(body))52                     {53                         int sameNum = 0;54                         foreach (var item in body.bodyCollectionPoint)55                         {56                             if (bodyX.bodyCollectionPoint.Contains(item))57                             {58                                 sameNum++;59                             }60                         }61                         if (sameNum >= 1)//有1个以上点重合，表面图像重叠，删除像素点数少的图像62                         {63                             isValid = false;64 65                             //如果某个数字100%匹配，那就不用比较了，这个数字肯定是对的66                             double maxRate = 1;67                             if (bodyX.matchRate >= maxRate)68                             {69                                 ListBody.Remove(body);70                             }71                             else if (body.matchRate>=maxRate)72                             {73                                 ListBody.Remove(bodyX);74                             }75                             else76                             {77                                 if (bodyX.matchNum >= body.matchNum)//图像包含的所有像素个数78                                 {79                                     ListBody.Remove(body);80                                 }81                                 else82                                 {83                                     ListBody.Remove(bodyX);84                                 }85                             }86                             SearchNumbersByMatchNum(ref ListBody);87                         }88                     }89                 }90             }91             if (isValid)92             {93                 return;94             }95         }96 97         #endregion

其他方法：

1    bool ColorAEqualColorB(System.Drawing.Color colorA, System.Drawing.Color colorB, byte errorRange = 10) 2         { 3             return colorA.A <= colorB.A + errorRange && colorA.A >= colorB.A - errorRange && 4                 colorA.R <= colorB.R + errorRange && colorA.R >= colorB.R - errorRange && 5                 colorA.G <= colorB.G + errorRange && colorA.G >= colorB.G - errorRange && 6                 colorA.B <= colorB.B + errorRange && colorA.B >= colorB.B - errorRange; 7            8         } 9         bool ListContainsPoint(List
     
       listPoint, System.Drawing.Point point, double errorRange = 10)10         {11             bool isExist = false;12             foreach (var item in listPoint)13             {14                 if (item.X <= point.X + errorRange && item.X >= point.X - errorRange && item.Y <= point.Y + errorRange && item.Y >= point.Y - errorRange)15                 {16                     isExist = true;17                 }18             }19             return isExist;20         }21         bool ListTextBodyContainsPoint(List
      
        listPoint, System.Drawing.Point point, double errorRange = 10)22         {23             bool isExist = false;24             foreach (var item in listPoint)25             {26 27                 if (item.point.X <= point.X + errorRange && item.point.X >= point.X - errorRange && item.point.Y <= point.Y + errorRange && item.point.Y >= point.Y - errorRange)28                 {29                     isExist = true;30                 }31             }32             return isExist;33         }

结束语：以上代码本人实现了找颜色，找图片，找文字，找数字的所有功能，希望对朋友们能有所帮助。

最近找到了以前的代码：

想看源码的去这里

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/JimmyBright/p/4355862.html

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